Insomnia in Relation to Sleepiness in the Elderly

1111 Insomnia Subtypes and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness—Hara et al night) is often associated with anxiety disorders,11 while middle insomnia (difficulty in maintaining sleep) and terminal insomnia (early morning awakening) are often associated with disorders causing pain, adverse general health, and depression.12,13 To date, the only study to investigate the association between insomnia subtypes and daytime sleepiness evaluated working-age adults with obstructive sleep apnea. This association varied according to insomnia subtypes. Participants with repeated wakening during the night had more severe subjective sleepiness, while those with initial insomnia had less daytime sleepiness. No association was found between terminal insomnia and EDS.14 The study described here tested hypothesized associations between different types of insomnia as exposures and EDS as a binary outcome in older Brazilian residents, and compared the strengths of these associations after controlling for potential confounders including sociodemographic factors, lifestyle characteristics, mental health, and chronic diseases.